The experimental studies on the formation of NOx and SO2 during incineration of sewagesludge and paper mill sludge are reported. The test result indicates that: (1) The conversionof fuel-S into SO2 and fuel-N into NOx is mainly determined by sludge characteristics;(2) Emission of NOx and SO2 decreases with increasing sludge moisture content, increaseswith increasing bed temperature and excess air; (3) The conversion of fuelN into NOxincreases with increasing excess air; (4) The conversion of fuel-S into SO2 increases with bedtemperature and excess air increasing, decreases with sludge moisture increasing.