Conventional coronary artery bypass graft performed through median sternotomy with hypothermic extracorporeal circulation and saphenous vein grafts is both saft and effective.To reduce perioperative morbidity further,and promote earlier hospital discharge and long-term graft patency rate,great efforts have ben recently made in coronary surgery.we reviewed the literature relevent to clinical progress in minimally invasive coronary bypass graft,total arterial revascularization and coronary operation in advanced age,and discussed their surgical indications,operative techniques and clinical results.Studies about off pump,thoracoscope or axial flow pump-assisted myocardial revacularization have demonstrated favourable results such as reduced systemic inflammatory respones,avoiding ischemia-prefusion injury,lower cost and shorter hospital stay.Clinical practice also showed that patients who received two arterial graft or total arterial revascularization had decreased risk of death,reoperation and angioplasty,and that advanced age in and of itself should not be a contraindication to an coronary bypass operation,although morbidity,mortality and cost may be higher.
