1 全球糖尿病流行趋势持续恶化 在欧洲糖尿病学会(European Association forthe Study of Diabetes,EASD)2011年会上,国际糖尿病联盟(International Diabetes Federation,IDF)发布最新数据显示:2011年全世界糖尿病患病人数已达3.66亿,较2010年的2.85亿增加近30%。每年有460万人死于糖尿病,用于糖尿病的医疗费用高达4650亿美元。IDF主席Jean ClaudeManbaya教授说:'在2011年,每7秒钟就有1人因糖尿病死亡,警钟正在敲响'。
A 16-year-old "female" patient presented as hypertension,hypokalemia,male pseudohermaphroditism,lowered gonadal steroids and cortisol,elevated adre nocorticotropic hormone and pituitary gonadotropin,and 46 XY karyotype.The pat ient was diagnosed as 17α-hydroxylase deficiency,a rare case of congenital ad r enal hyperplasia."She" chose to remain female appearance and social gender af te r negotiation with the parents.Cryptor-chidism of both inguinal canals was surgi cally removed for preventing canceration.After the surgery,a very small daily dose of dexamethasone(0.187 5 mg at bedtime)was enough to control hypertension and hypokalemia,and the therapy of conjugated estrogens(Premarin)was given t o promote the development of female characters.After 6 months of treatment,nor motension and normokalemia remained,and pubarche and mammogenesis emerged.
