In Philosophical Investigations, L.Wittgenstein puts forward a famous theory of language game based on family resemblance in order to reject and dissolve essentialism of traditional philosophy. This theory has been universally regarded as a great breakthrough to metaphysical doctrine and an important resource of postmodern deconstructive thoughts prevailing nowadays. In reality, however, family resemblance is just a specious theory. This paper presents a detailed analysis of Wittgenstein’s text to show some inherent logic falsehoods in his theory, and the foundations of his theory——metaphysical thinking of replacing the whole with parts, the atomism standpoint of the absolute difference, and the language misapprehension produced by his teaching experience etc..
