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作品数:4 被引量:19H指数:3
供职机构:中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院化学物理系更多>>
发文基金:国家自然科学基金安徽省高校省级自然科学研究项目更多>>
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常温常压下苯乙烯和二苯甲酮的催化加氢反应考察被引量:10
2000年
常温常压下 ,纳米级的镍基催化剂对苯乙烯和二苯甲酮分别有催化加氢活性 .反应级数为零级 ,符合表面接触反应特征 ,可用过渡态理论解释 .超声波的介入有助于提高反应转化率和催化活性的稳定 .在超声波的作用下镍微晶 ( 1 1 1 )晶面间距增大1 .5 % .
吴缨葛修涛焦健肖建平范崇正
关键词:催化苯乙烯二苯甲酮加氢反应常温常压
常温常压下五元杂环的催化加氢反应被引量:3
2001年
考察了常温常压下吡咯、呋喃和噻吩的催化加氢反应 ;用紫外吸收光谱、气相色谱和酸碱度测定分析了反应物质 ;用比表面积测定、X射线衍射、透射电镜及高分辨电镜表征了催化剂 .结果表明 ,在纳米量级的镍基催化剂作用下 ,双键五元杂环的加氢反应过程是多反应同时进行 :主要有环上双键先加氢生成四氢化物单键环 ,继而开环加氢生成若干小分子气体 ;也有直接开环反应 .总体上是在还原条件下实现降解反应 .超声波的介入有利于保持催化剂的活性 .对反应机理进行了探讨 .
范崇政焦健肖建平丁延伟吴缨
关键词:呋喃镍催化剂催化加氢
无光条件下天然叶绿素的催化加氢反应被引量:3
2000年
It is found that the natural chlorophyll can carry out hydrogenation reaction by the Ni cluster catalyst at normal temperature (10℃±2℃) and normal pressure in the dark. Along with the reaction going on, the fresh green color of chlorophyll fades gradually and become colorless in the end. Methods of Ultra violet spectrum, High effect liquid chromatogram, Gas chromatogram on line and X ray diffraction are employed to detect the reactants and the products. After reaction, the original chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B disappear; while some small molecules are found, such as CH 4, NH 3, KMgH 3. The reagents chlorophyll and hematoporphyrin are used as standerd references. The TEM image shows the catalyst particle size is within 3 nm~5 nm in the diameter. It is clear that after catalytic hydrogenation, both the porphyrin cycle and the pyrrole structure are broken. Perhaps the reaction imitates the natural decomposition of chlorophyll under reducing conditions (for example, under the deep sea) in nature. In the deep sea there are high pressure, small organic molecules, and very hot fluid with nm metal coming out of the bottom. From the view point of thermodynamics, it is possible to carry out a reverse reaction of the one mentioned above; and seen in this respective, life could have come from the sea. In fact, the porphyrin cycle is stable in natural environment in the Et OH solution of chlorophyll remained for one year, and in the Et OH solution of dead leaves. It can be found intact in both and it can still carry out similar catalytic reactions. Further experiments are conducted by using pyrrole and tetra hydrogen pyrrole as the reactants to carry out catalytic hydrogenation, and the results show that at normal temperature and pressure the pyrrole cycles are also broken and small molecule gases such as CH 4, C 3H 6, C 4H 10 , C 4H 8 are formed.
范崇正李正华焦健周贵恩吴缨
关键词:纳米镍催化加氢
常温常压下吡咯及其衍生物的镍催化加氢反应考察被引量:4
2001年
为进一步研究常温常压下吡咯及其衍生物的镍催化加氢反应 ,我们对试剂吡咯、吡咯烷和吡咯烷酮做了相应的催化加氢实验。并采用电镜 (TEM -HREM)、X射线衍射 (XRD)对Ni基催化剂的形貌、结构、加氢活性和超声波对其影响进行了检测 ,同时还用紫外吸收光谱、气相色谱等对加氢产物进行了分析考察。结果表明超声波能促进镍基催化剂活性 ,使镍微晶 (111)晶面间距增大 1.5%、并保持高分散态。常温常压下纳米镍基催化剂对吡咯、吡咯烷和吡咯烷酮的加氢反应显示一定的催化活性 ;吡咯加氢首先生成吡咯烷 ,进而使环打开生成低碳烃、氨等产物 ,总反应为零级 ,符合表面接触反应特征。
葛秀涛焦健肖建平范崇正
关键词:镍基催化剂吡咯吡咯烷吡咯烷酮
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