[Objective]The research aimed to study the calling and mating behavior of Malacosoma rectifascia Lajonquère and provide theoretical basis for utilization of sex pheromone to prevent and control M.rectifascia. [Method]Through indoor and outdoor observation,effects of M.rectifascia mating behavior occurrence process,calling period,different sex ratio and population density on mating rate were studied. [Result]The sex ratio of M.rectifascia in nature was 1∶1.2,while in lab was 1∶1.8; the calling peak took place from 19：00 to 21：00;different sex ratio and population density had significant effects on mating behavior,and mating rate would be reduced if the population density was higher; both male and female M.rectifascia mate only once throughout their life. [Conclusion]Controlling M.rectifascia with sex pheromone has good application prospects.
