[目的]为了提高森林景观模拟的真实性和实用性,为森林景观规划和森林经营管理提供可靠依据。[方法]以新疆霍城县果子沟林场作为试验区,以林区内主要树种雪岭云杉为树木建模对象,以小班为单位对果子沟林场进行三维可视化模拟。通过外业测量获取林木的树高、胸径、冠幅以及冠高等测树因子。从冠形和叶片角度入手对雪岭云杉的外形特征进行分析。使用单曲线方程对冠形进行模拟,使用泊松分布模型模拟树叶在树冠内的分布情况。然后,使用林相图提取小班边界。利用外业调查数据和CTS系统构建不同形态的树木模型。通过林分分布规则、小班属性以及林场内植被分布规则对林木的空间分布进行模拟。最后,使用SQL SERVER 2005作为数据管理平台,使用八叉树作为三维场景管理,结合LOD、视点替换、及地形分页等三维场景渲染及优化技术,对果子沟林场进行三维可视化模拟。模拟面积达300 km2,平均帧率20 FPS以上。[结果]模拟结果较好地反映了小班的空间分布格局,直观地体现出小班内部林木的空间位置分布,具有一定的实用价值。
The framework design,structure,function and running mechanism of forest ecological and resources information sharing system was given in this paper. Three core techniques of the sharing system,including the principles,model and design of the WebGIS subsystem,multi-dimension spatial data organizing,and presentation and spatial analysis online,were discussed in detail. Finally,the application and related problems of the sharing system was put forward. Up to now,the forest ecological and resources information sharing system,which was a component part of Chinese Sustainable Development Network Center and the Chinese Sustainable Development Information,was the most comprehensive and longest gateway to publish the forestry sustainable information to public in China.
