[Objective] This study aims to screen for the high effective fungicides which could significantly decrease the disease incidence and disease index of rice false smut. [Method] The inhibitory activities of the fungicide against mycelial growth of Ustilaginoidea virens were measured to in vitro evaluate the ECho values. And 17 fungicides were sprayed to evaluate the efficacy and effect of the fungicides tested in the field trials on the rice characters, [Result] The results showed that epoxicona- zole, difenoconazole, propiconazole and procloraz exhibited high inhibitory activity against mycelial growth of Ustilaginoidea virens with the ECso values 0.04, 0.07, 0.12 and 0.11 pg/ml, respectively. The results of field trials showed that the efficacy of Wen- quning, and fungicides such as difenoconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole, epoxi- conazole and their mixtures in controlling rice false smut were all 70% or more. [Conclusion] The 17 tested fungicides behaved efficacy in controlling rice false smut and did not cause drug injury on leaves and grains of rice plants, sprayed when flag leaves of rice fully expanded.
[目的]吡唑醚菌酯是巴斯夫公司开发的一种高活性的具有保健作用的QoI类杀菌剂。主要研究了吡唑醚菌酯对大豆炭疽病的田间防效及其对大豆的保健增产作用。[结果]田间防效试验结果表明:25%吡唑醚菌酯EC 67.5、100、135 g a.i./hm2对大豆炭疽病的防效分别为58.5%7、5.8%和85.7%1;8.3%Opera SC 90、110 g a.i./hm2的防效分别为69.6%和82.5%;对照药剂25%丙环唑EC 169 g a.i./hm2的防效为61.2%。在使用吡唑醚菌酯处理后的田块,大豆的产量、株高、底荚高度和百粒质量显著提高,但对大豆植株的有效分枝数、主茎节数、每株结荚数并未产生影响。[结论]用吡唑醚菌酯处理后,大豆豆荚的颜色更为鲜亮美观,颗粒饱满,提高了大豆的品质。
