为明确生物炭在农业领域的研究进展,本文基于文献计量学方法,利用VOSviewer以及CiteSpace等知识图谱工具,以Web of Science(WOS)和CNKI为数据源,从发文时间分布、国家(区域)分布、期刊分布、主要机构和研究主题等多维角度,综合分析了1990—2021年全球及中国生物炭技术领域的整体发展路径、脉络、研究热点及发展态势,以期为未来科学研究提供参考。结果表明,在我国生物炭在农业研究领域,年度发文量呈明显上升趋势,表现出缓慢增长—平稳增长—快速增长3个阶段。生物炭技术在农业领域正在进入高速发展期,研究热点为生物炭的制备、生物炭的吸附作用、生物炭的土壤效应等。研究结果从相关文献的角度,定量、客观、科学地描述了生物炭土壤效应研究现状与趋势,并为生物炭在土壤科学问题研究提供理论参考。
[Objective] This study was to investigate the effects of different biochar dosages and trpes on growth, yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco in Hanzhong. [Methods] In May-September of 2013, Xiaonanhai Town, Nanzheng County, Hanzhong City, a field experiment was carded out to study the effects of- biochardosage and type on tobacco agronomic traits, yield and output value in each growth period. [Results] Biochar application significantly increased plant height, stem diameter and leaf size in the early growth pedod, and raised tobacco yield, output value and the proportion of high grade leaf： With the increase of biochar dosage, tobacco agronom~ traits were significantly improved, and yield, output value and proportion of high-grade tobacco leaves also increased significantly, and the highest tobacco yield and output value occurred at the dosage of 900 kg/hm2. Agronomic traits of tobacco leaves with the application of rice husk char and wheat straw char were significantly better than those with the application of peanut shell char, appli- cation of rice husk char was more conducive to the development of leaves in the vigorous pedod and stems in the squaring period, but straw char was beneficial to improvement of plant height and leaf number in the vigorous period and leaf growth in the squaring period, and application of rice husk char had the best effect on the increases of yield and output value of tobacco leaves. [Conclusion] Application of biochar is an effective measure forimproving tobacco-planting soil and promoting the growth and development of tobacco in Hanzhong, biochar application amount should be controlled at about 600-900 kg/hm2, and rice husk char is the preferred choice as soil improvement material.
