Residential construction is the important part of new rural construction,also the great event relating to the living of the general farmers,but also the physical appearance of rural area.Taking advantage of the post-quake reconstruction and new rural construction,combining with the inheritance and development of traditional culture,the new rural construction should be the first to be launched,constructing applicable and beautiful residences with rich residential cultural connotation.Longnan Region is economically underdeveloped,but it is with a beautiful environment and the forest coverage rate is high.Therefore,the discussion and investigation on the residential style and culture in this district are of great significance to the construction of the ethnic,economic and beautiful residential construction mode during new residential construction in Longnan Region.Through the analysis of the economic situation,environmental condition of Longnan Region and the analysis of the structure,function,architectural composition and existing problems of the present residence,the author discussed the style and structure of the present residence.The author also studied the protection and inheritance of the residential culture in Longnan Region,emphasizing the inheritance and development of residential culture and gave new cultural connotation to the new rural residential construction.All these provided reference for the new rural construction and planning in this area.