We start this paper by answering the questions:What requirements should a good Loss Differentiation Mechanism (LD) for 802.11 networks in IoT meet? Do the existing LDs work well in 802.11 networks when moving towards IoT? Then we present the four properties that a LD used in IoT should own and the two-folded factors that we should consider when designing such a LD.Thereby,a novel LD is proposed utilizing the backoff frozen event to reveal collision probability.Our mechanism works efficiently with standard 802.11;only practical statistics information is needed.In addition,our mechanism can be done solely by the sender without introducing extra signaling overhead.Extensive simulations show that our mechanism can be applicable to different scenarios in 802.11 WLANs.
Path protections have become increasingly important for current mesh optical networks because fast restorations in generalized multiprotocol label switching(GMPLS) networks are uncertain.However,setting up additional disjoint paths to protect connections leads to more path setup blocking and signaling collisions.We analyze signaling collisions,path blocking and blocking probability,as well as calculate node-to-node blocking probabilities.A signaling-based path-segment protection(PSP) is proposed,which integrates segment protections and path protections as well as enhances the performance of path protections and ring protections.The setup of PSP connections causes less blocking probability than the setup of path protection connections in the simulations.
In the Internet of things, it is of critical importance to fully utilize the potential capacity of the network with efficient medium access control (MAC) mechanisms. In this paper, we study the convergence property of the fixed point formulation of distributed coordination function (DCF), which is widely used for medium access control in wireless networks. We first find that the fixed point could be repelling, which means that it is impossible for an MAC system to converge at its fixed point. Next, we show the existence of periodic points to prove that the fixed point function will oscillate between two periodic points when the fixed point is repelling. We also find that the average of the two periodic points is a close approximation of the fixed point. Based on the findings, we propose an algorithm to compute the fixed point efficiently. Simulation results verify the accuracy and efficiency of our algorithm compared with the previous fixed point computing method.
This paper introduces a joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation method for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems.The research results show that this method can reduce the walk-off effect and can therefore equalize the nonlinear impairments effectively.Compared with the only other existing nonlinearity pre-compensation method,the joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation method is not only suitable for low-dispersion optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system,but also effective for high-dispersion optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing transmission system with higher input power but without optical dispersion compensation.The suggested solution does not increase computation complexity compared with only nonlinearity pre-compensation method.For 40 Gbit/s coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing 20×80 km standard single-mode fibre system,the suggested method can improve the nonlinear threshold(for Q > 10 dB) about 2.7,1.2 and 1.0 dB,and the maximum Q factor about 1.2,0.4 and 0.3 dB,for 2,8 and 16 ps/(nm·km) dispersion coefficients.
物联网(internet of things,IOT)拥有无处不在的识别、传感和通信能力,体域网(body area network,BAN)属于物联网中和人体相关的领域,其应用广泛,可以在日常生活中对人们进行监测及提供帮助.行走是许多日常活动的基本环节,因而步态分析能为体域网应用提供重要的生理行为信息.现有的步态分析已取得一定的研究成果,但仍存在一些问题,例如大多数步态特征提取是对加速度信号进行6重以上的变换,使得特征达到了45维以上,最后需要通过降维或优化来简化特征,较为复杂.本文设计一种灵活便捷的数据采集系统,并利用小波变换、傅里叶变换和四分位差提取出加速度信号中比较简单、低维度但能反应运动特征的步态参数,之后通过模式识别算法进行步态行为识别验证.实验结果表明该系统使用方便,特征提取方法简单实用,识别精确度为97%,EER(equal error rate)最小可到0.9%.
