采用改进的扩展有限元法(Extended Finite Element Method,XFEM),即引入虚结点的XFEM,在静力功能基础上实现了动力断裂分析功能,并用于强震中结构多条裂缝的同时扩展分析。采用混凝土Ⅰ型和Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型动力断裂试验进行了精度验证,然后将该方法应用于Koyna坝的地震开裂分析。结果表明,这一方法在求解混凝土Ⅰ型和Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型动力断裂问题方面具有良好精度,其避免了网格不断重剖分的问题,也无需采用开裂单元的子域积分来描述非连续位移场,即可实现单元内连续断裂过程的模拟。
The three-dimensional mode-deformable discrete element method(3MDEM)is an extended distinct element approach under the assumptions of small strain,finite displacement,and finite rotation of blocks.The deformation of blocks is expressed by the combination of the deformation modes in 3MDEM.In this paper,the elastoplastic constitutive relationship of blocks is implemented on the 3MDEM platform to simulate the integrated process from elasticity to plasticity and finally to fracture.To overcome the shortcomings of the conventional criterion for contact fracturing,a new criterion based on plastic strain is introduced.This approach is verified by two numerical examples.Finally,a cantilever beam is simulated as a comprehensive case study,which went through elastic,elastoplastic,and discontinuous fracture stages.
A chemo-damage model for cracking analysis of concrete dams affected by alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR) is proposed, which combines the plastic-damage model for concrete with the AAR kinetics law. The chemo-damage model is first verified by a stress-free AAR expansion test. The expansion deformation obtained from the simulation is in good agreement with the measurement, demonstrating that the proposed model has a sufficient accuracy to predict the expansion of AAR-affected concrete. Subsequently, the expansion deformation and cracking process of the AAR-affected Fontana gravity dam is analyzed. It shows that permanent displacements in the upstream direction and the vertical direction are gradually increased during the long-term operation period, and that their maximal values reach 1.6 and 3.6 cm, respectively. A crack is observed on the wall in the foundation drainage gallery, and extends towards the downstream face of the dam. With the further development of AAR, another crack forms on the downstream face, and then intersects with the gallery crack to penetrate the downstream side profile of the dam. The third crack occurs in the upstream side wall of the gallery and propagates a short distance towards the upstream face of the dam. The simulated cracking pattern in the dam due to AAR is similar to the in situ observation.
PAN JianWenFENG YunTianXU YanJieJIN FengZHANG ChuHanZHANG BingYin
