The separation and reconstructions of charged hadron and neutral hadron from their overlapped showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter is very important for the reconstructions of some particles with hadronic decays, for example the tau reconstruction in the searches for the Standard Model and supersymmetric Higgs bosons at the LHC. In this paper, a method combining the shower cluster in an electromagnetic calorimeter and the parametric formula for hadron showers, was developed to separate the overlapped showers between charged hadron and neutral hadron. Taking the hadronic decay containing one charged pion and one neutral pion in the final status of tau for example, satisfied results of the separation of the overlapped showers, the reconstructions of the energy and positions of the hadrons were obtained. An improved result for the tau reconstruction with this decay model can be also achieved after the application of the proposed method.
The CMS and ATLAS experiments at the LHC have announced the discovery of a Higgs boson with mass at approximately 125 GeV/c2 in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson via, notably, the 2/y and ZZ to four leptons final states. Considering the recent results of the Higgs boson searches from the LHC, we study the lightest scalar Higgs boson hi in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model by restricting the next-to- lightest scalar Higgs boson h2 to be the observed to the 125 GeV/c2 state. We perform a scan over the relevant NMSSM parameter space that is favoured by low fine-tuning considerations. Moreover, we also take the experimental constraints from direct searches, B-physics observables, relic density, and anomalous magnetic moment of the muon measurements, as well as the theoretical considerations, into account in our specific scan. We find that the signal rate in the two-photon final state for the NMSSM Higgs boson hi with the mass range from about 80 GeV/e2 to about 122 CeV/c2 can be enhanced by a factor of up to 3.5 when the Higgs boson h2 is required to be compatible with the excess from latest LHC results. This motivates the extension of the search at the LHC for the Higgs boson hi in the diphoton final state down to masses of 80 GeV/c2, particularly with the upcoming proton-proton collision data to be taken at center-of-mass energies of 13-14 TeV.
In the LHC experiment, the neutral pions produced during jet fragmentation are the background sources for all physics channels with high-energy photons in their final state. In this paper, the application of the three-dimensional parametric formula for electromagnetic （EM） showers, which we developed in the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer II experiment, is presented to distinguish the unconverted photons from the neutral pions. With the constructed electromagnetic calorimeter （ECAL） in a GEANT4 simulation, the parametric formulae were validated and the unconverted γ/π0 discrimination was performed with the Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis （TMVA） package in ROOT for different transverse energies ranging from 15 GeV to 75 GeV, which is the most sensitive region for light Higgs （with mass ～120 GeV） searches with the channel H → γγ. With this discrimination method and the selected transverse energy region, we can reject π0 with the effciency from ～ 40% （65–75 GeV） to ～ 90% （15–25 GeV） when keeping 90% γ effciency.
The Minimal Higgsless Model predicts the existence of new vector gauge boson W1^±, By the process PP →W1^±qq →W^±Z^0qq, Z^0→ 1^＋1^-, W^±→ qq （1=e,μ; q is hadronized to be jets）, we study the sensitivity of searching for this possible vector gauge boson in the level of generator events of signal and backgrounds, then give integrated luminosity required to discover 5σ signal as a function of W1^± mass. The generator for the signal PP → W1^±qq →W^±Z^0qq at tree level is developed with the Minimal Higgsless Model and then interfaced with PYTHIA for the patton showers and hadronization. The backgrounds are produced with MadGraph and PYTHIA.
In this paper, we studied the development of hadronic shower in an electromagnetic calorimeter of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Ⅱ. Two parametrized empirical formulae were proposed to describe the hadronic shower shape in calorimeter. Using 100 GeV proton beam incident on the center of the ECAL, detailed plots of lateral and longitudinal hadronic shower behavior were given and we found the formulae can describe the development of the hadronic shower with the test beam data. The possible application of the parametrized formulae including e±-π± discrimination and tau jet reconstruction was discussed.
Monochromatic y-rays are thought to be the smoking gun signal for identifying dark matter annihilation. However, the flux of monochromatic y-rays is usually suppressed by virtual quantum effects since dark matter should be neutral and does not couple with y-rays directly. In this work, we study the detection strategy of the monochromatic y-rays in a future space-based detector. The flux of monochromatic y-rays between 50 GeV and several TeV is calculated by assuming the supersymmetric neutralino as a typical dark matter candidate. The detection both by focusing on the Galactic center and in a scan mode that detects y-rays from the whole Galactic halo are compared. The detector performance for the purpose of monochromatic y-ray detection, with different energy and angular resolution, field of view, and background rejection efficiencies, is carefully studied with both analytical and fast Monte-Carlo methods.
In the LHC experiment, the H →γγ channel provides a clean final state with an effective mass peak that is reconstructed with great precision, despite the small branching ratio. As a consequence, the H →γγ channel is one of the most promising channels for the Higgs discovery in the very low mass region. In order to increase the sensitivity of the Higgs search, background rejection rate is very important, so γ/π 0 discrimination is one of the key points in the analysis. At least 40% of photons will convert with the experience of ATLAS and CMS. We constructed electromagnetic calorimeter （ECAL） in GEANT4 simulation, using 6 variables which have different shapes between converted γ and π 0 , with the TMVA （Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis） to do the separation. With this method we can get 30% to 60% π 0 rejection efficiency when keeping 90% converted γ efficiency, in the region of transverse momentum 15 GeV to 75 GeV, not only in MC sumulation but also in real data.
