An empirical hybrid shock absorber model capable of capturing nonlinear and hysteresis characteristics of shock absorbers is built.The nonlinear characteristics are modeled by algebraic function and the hysteresis effects between shock force and shock velocity are modeled by neural network.To develop the empirical hybrid shock absorber model,a Mazda CX-7 front shock absorber is tested by a displacement-controlled hydraulic shock absorber testing machine.The hybrid shock absorber model is built and validated using the experimental shock absorber data.The RMS value for the hybrid shock absorber model is 60.28N at the velocity range from-1.3m/s to 1.3m/s.
A genetic-fuzzy HEV control strategy based on driving cycle recognition （DCR） was built. Six driving cycles were selected to represent different traffic conditions e.g. freeway, urban, suburb. A neural algorithm was used for traffic condition recognition based on ten parameters of each driving cycle. The DCR was utilized for optimization of the HEV control parameters using a genetic-fuzzy approach. A fuzzy logic controller （FLC） was designed to be intelligent to manage the engine to work in the vicinity of its optimal condition. The fuzzy membership function parameters were optimized using the genetic algorithm （GA） for each driving cycle. The result is that the DCR_ fuzzy controller can reduce the fuel consumption by 1. 9%, higher than only CYC _ HWFET optimized fuzzy （0.2%） or CYC _ WVUSUB optimized fuzzy （0.7%）. The DCR_ fuzzy method can get the better result than only optimizing one cycle on the complex real traffic conditions.
Electmmechanical coupling system is one of the key technologies of hybrid electric vehicles. Among the existing electromechanical coupling systems, ISG system is recognized as the most practical one with the highest integration. However, the efficiency of ISG system is relatively low in pure-motor-drive mode. In this paper, a hybrid drivetrain with double clutches was proposed, in which a mode-clutch was installed between engine and motor as the mode switch, thus the efficiency in pure-motor-drive mode was improved. This paper discussed the architecture, modeling and control strategy of double-clutch drivetrain. The results of co-simulation by Cruise and Simulink showed that the fuel economy of the vehicle with this drivetrain was effectively improved compared to similar conventional vehicles.
