We report the formation and transportation of granular heaps in vertically vibrated containers with two types of periodic corrugated bottoms: one with a periodic array of ten identical plexiglas rectangles mounted (named the periodic container), and the other with a single-step (named the single-step con-tainer). For the periodic container, when the excitation was weaker, several small heaps formed, and the number of them was the same as that of the rectangles on the bottom. As the excitation increased, the system presented three types of states: single well-defined heap, weaker wave, and stronger wave. Some local convections were observed in the interior of heap. For the single-step container, we ob-served the transportation of a heap toward step. We propose that the compressive force from the am-bient gas plays a crucial role in the movement of the heap.
We investigated experimentally the spectra of MBSL in sodium chloride water solution with krypton as dissolved gas. We observed and compared the spectra of hydroxyl ion at 310 nm and that of sodium atom at 589 nm. It has been found that under the same experimental condition, the intensity of sodium atom spectra is obviously higher than that of the hydroxyl ion spectra, and is more sensitive to the experimental condition. The krypton content, the concentration of sodium chloride solution, and the driving sound pressure obviously affect the spectra intensity in certain range.
