Rapeseed is widely grown in China as an important oil crop. In this study, Shotgun lipidomic methodology based on tandem mass spectrometry but without liquid chromatography was established for simple lipids analysis such as mono-, di-and triacylglycerols(MAGs, DAGs and TAGs) and the derivatives such as free fatty acids(FFAs). Six varieties of rapeseeds belonging to 3 types(B. juncea, B. campestris and B. oleracea) from different areas of China were investigated, with 59 TAG species, 10 DAG species, 5 MAG species and 6 FFA species identified. It was found that erucic acid was mainly present in the form of TAG 62:4(22:1/18:2/22:1), TAG 62:3(22:1/18:1/22:1), and TAG 62:5(22:1/18:3/22:1) in high erucic acid rapeseed oils, while oleic acid was mainly present in the form of TAG 54:2(18:0/18:1/18:1), and TAG 54:4(18:1/18:2/18:1) in high oleic acid rapeseed oils. It was difficult for DAG, MAG and FFA quantification due to their low content with high background content of TAGs. Results showed that the main differences in lipids were not derived from the types of rapeseed, but directly related to varieties.
Nutmeg essential oil with volatile components is sensitive to oxygen, light, water and high temperature. Spray-drying is widely used as an encapsulation technique for improving compound stability during processing and storage. In this study, influence of encapsulated matrix on spray-dried nutmeg essential oil microcapsule was investigated using blends of maltodextrin and either gum Arabic(GA-MD), or octenyl succinic acid modified starch(OSA-MD) as wall materials. Characteristics of spray-dried powders from these 2 wall materials were evaluated and compared. Powder property analysis indicated that GA-MD microcapsules presented larger size, higher moisture and poorer flowability compared with OSA-MD microcapsules. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis showed that both GA-MD and OSA-MD microcapsules improved the stability of nutmeg essential oil. However, GA-MD microcapsules exhibited higher storage stability than OSA-MD microcapsules. This research provided theoretical foundation for wall material choice of microcapsule and nutmeg essential oil utilization in food industry.
