Background: Adipocytes behave like a rich source of pro-inflammatory cytokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1 (MCP- 1). Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) participates in the local chronic inflammatory response, and high-density lipoprotein could counterbalance the proinftammatory function of αLDL, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide L-4F on the secretion and expression of MCP-1 in fully differentiated 3T3-L 1 adipocytes induced by oxLDL and to elucidate the possible mechanisms. Methods: Fully differentiated 3T3-L 1 adipocytes were incubated in the medium containing various concentration of L-4F (0-50 gg/ml) with oxLDL (50 Lag/ml) stimulated, with/without protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 (10 gmol/L) preincubated. The concentrations of MCP- 1 in the supematant, the mRNA expression of MCP- 1, the levels of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and CCAAT/ enhancer binding protein 13 (C/EBPβ) were evaluated. The monocyte chemotaxis assay was performed by micropore filter method using a modified Boyden chamber. Results: OxLDL stimulation induced a significant increase ofMCP-1 expression and secretion in 3T3-L 1 adipocytes, which were inhibited by L-4F preincubation in a dose-dependent manner. PKA inhibitor H-89 markedly reduced the oxLDL-induced MCP-1 expression, but no further decrease was observed when H-89 was used in combination with L-4F (50 μg/ml) (P 〉 0.05). OxLDL stimulation showed no significant effect on C/EBPa protein level but increased C/EBPβ protein level in a time-dependent manner. H-89 and L-4F both attenuated C/EBPI3 protein level in oxLDL-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Conclusions: OxLDL induces C/EBPI3 protein synthesis in a time-dependent manner and enhances MCP-1 secretion and expression in 3T3-L 1 adipocytes. L-4F dose-dependently counterbalances the pro-inflammatory effect of oxLDL, and cyclic AMP/PKA-C/EBP-β sign
Xiang-Zhu XieXin HuangShui-Ping ZhaoBi-Lian YuQiao-Qing ZhongJian Cao
目的探讨钴原卟啉上调血红素氧合酶1(HO-1)对代谢综合征(MS)大鼠心功能的影响及相关机制。方法选择7周龄雄性高血压大鼠52只,分为对照组、MS组、MS+钴原卟啉组(钴原卟啉组)和MS+钴原卟啉+锡中卟啉组(锡中卟啉组),每组13只。采用Langendorff装置测量各组大鼠心脏功能和冠状动脉阻力,染色切片观察心脏横截面积和心肌纤维化程度,免疫印迹法测定心肌组织中HO-1、HO-2、环氧化酶2,氮氧化物酶2、蛋白激酶(Akt)、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、磷酸化AMPK、磷酸化Akt、脂联素、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、磷酸化eNOS和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS),液体闪烁计数器测量心肌超氧化物和TC水平,ELISA血浆脂联素和炎性因子水平。结果与对照组比较,MS组冠状动脉阻力明显增高(26.70±0.90 vs 19.30±0.40,P<0.05)。与MS组比较,钴原卟啉组上调HO-1后不仅改善了心功能指标,脂联素、磷酸化AMPK/AMPK、磷酸化eNOS/eNOS明显增高,iNOS明显降低(P<0.05)。结论上调HO-1可通过抑制氧化应激反应、炎性反应,提高脂联素水平,改善MS大鼠心功能。
目的探讨载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ模拟肽左旋-氨基酸(L-4F)对肥胖合并心肌梗死大鼠心功能的影响及其可能机制。方法选择7周龄雄性SD大鼠60只,对照组12只大鼠给予普通饲料喂养,其余48只大鼠给予高脂饲料喂养8周,随机分为肥胖组,心肌梗死组,L-4F组,血红素氧化酶1(HO-1)抑制剂(SnMP)组,每组12只,后3组大鼠给予结扎冠状动脉左前降支,建立肥胖合并心肌梗死大鼠模型。干预8周后行超声心动图、血流动力学检查,包括左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、LVEF、左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末压(LVEDP),计算左心室压力最大上升及下降速率(±dp/dt_(max)),组织标本采用苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色,ELISA检测血清脂联素,实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot检测相关基因表达,包括内质网应激蛋白(Chop)、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)及磷酸化类蛋白激酶内质网激酶(PERK)蛋白。结果与对照组比较,肥胖组LVESD、LVEDD、LVSP、LVEDP、Chop及磷酸化PERK明显升高,LVEF、LVFS、-dp/dt_(max)、HO-1、脂联素水平明显降低;与心肌梗死组比较,L-4F组LVESD、LVEDD、LVSP、LVEDP、Chop、GRP78及磷酸化PERK明显降低,LVEF、LVFS、±dp/dt_(max)、HO-1、脂联素明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);与L-4F组比较,SnMP组LVESD、LVEDD、LVSP、LVEDP明显升高,Chop、GRP78及磷酸化PERK明显升高[1.14±0.15 vs 0.80±0.09,P<0.05;5.04±0.33 vs 2.96±0.22,P<0.05;16.79±0.89 vs 5.18±0.73,P<0.01],LVEF、LVFS、±dp/dt_(max)、HO-1、脂联素水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论L-4F通过激活肥胖合并心肌梗死大鼠HO-1-脂联素轴,抑制内质网应激,降低心肌细胞毒性,抑制心脏重构,改善大鼠心功能。
目的探讨载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ模拟肽(L-4F)对肥胖大鼠心功能的影响及可能机制。方法 50只SD大鼠中,随机选择10只喂食普通饲料为对照组,另40只喂食高脂饲料8周后,肥胖模型造模成功率75%,将肥胖模型成功大鼠30只再随机分为肥胖组、诱导剂组[血红素氧合酶1(HO-1)诱导剂L-4F]和抑制剂组(HO-1抑制剂SnMP),每组10只,各组每天腹腔注射相应药物,持续8周。心脏超声和血流动力学检测后,自腹主动脉取血,ELISA检测各项指标。苏木精-伊红染色观察心肌组织病理变化;分别用RT-PCR和Western blot测心肌组织HO-1、脂联素基因和蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,肥胖组和抑制剂组干预8周体质量较基线体质量增加显著升高(P<0.01),血糖、胰岛素、TNF-α、白细胞介素6和丙二醛水平明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),胆红素、超氧化物歧化酶[(3.26±0.51)μg/L和(5.90±0.49)μg/L vs (8.66±0.70)μg/L,P<0.05,P<0.01]和脂联素水平明显降低[(4.16±0.75)μg/L和(4.62±0.52)μg/L vs (6.72±1.09)μg/L,P<0.05],诱导剂组上述指标无明显变化(P>0.05);肥胖组和抑制剂组左心室舒张末期内径、左心室收缩末期内径显著增大(P<0.01),左心室短轴缩短率和LVEF及左心室最大压力最大变化速率显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),肥胖组左心室收缩压和左心室舒张末压明显升高(P<0.01),而诱导剂组上述指标则无明显变化(P>0.05)。肥胖组和抑制剂组心肌组织HO-1和脂联素mRNA和蛋白表达较对照组明显减低(P<0.05,P<0.01);诱导剂组HO-1和脂联素蛋白表达显著高于肥胖组和抑制剂组(P<0.01);而抑制剂组与肥胖组HO-1和脂联素蛋白表达无显著差异(P>0.05)。苏木精-伊红染色显示,肥胖组心肌细胞肥大、充血,心肌细胞间有较明显的纤维条索形成,慢性炎性反应明显,抑制剂组心肌组织也有较明显的充血、心肌细胞肥大,纤维条索形成,但是较肥胖组减轻;诱导剂组与对照组相似。结论 L-4F上调肥胖大鼠
近年来,心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVD)的发病率及死亡率逐年升高,发病年龄趋于提前,因此心血管疾病防治的研究备受关注.研究表明,血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)可以导致CVD的发生和发展,使用降脂类药物调节血清LDL-C的水平,即使降至1.8mmol/L以下,CVD的发生率仍然较高[1].这种心血管疾病剩余风险存在的原因之一可能与血清低水平的HDL-C有关.他汀类药物IVUS试验的前瞻性随机试验的荟萃分析表明[2],血清低水平的HDL-C是动脉粥样硬化性疾病的独立危险因素.然而,最近对血清HDL-C水平和动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的这种负相关关系提出了异议.近年来,血清HDL-C对心血管疾病的防治作用及机制已成为研究的热点,综述如下.