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国家自然科学基金(40343019)

作品数:4 被引量:38H指数:3
相关作者:张美孙晓明薛婷何高文杨胜雄更多>>
相关机构:中山大学广州海洋地质调查局国家海洋局第二海洋研究所更多>>
发文基金:国家教育部博士点基金国家自然科学基金教育部跨世纪优秀人才培养计划更多>>
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西太平洋海底海山富钴结壳惰性气体同位素组成及其来源被引量:13
2006年
采用高真空气体质谱系统测定了西太平洋麦哲伦海山富钴结壳不同层圈及其基岩的惰性气体丰度和同位素组成,结果显示:(1)西太平洋富钴结壳主要是水成成因,其中惰性气体来源不同,He绝大多数来自宇宙尘(IDPs),少量来自陆源风成微粒;Ar主要来自海水溶解的大气,少量来自陆源风成微粒或沉积岩建造水;Ne和Xe主要来自海水中溶解大气,少量来自宇宙尘;(2)在具三层结构的结壳中,亮煤层(致密层)的惰性气体同位素相对外层和疏松层有较大的不同.显示大洋磷酸岩化对早期沉积的结壳惰性气体组成有较大的影响,如导致^4He的升高和^3He/^4He的显著降低;(3)太平洋富钴结壳玄武岩基岩的^3He/^4He非常低,为0.0095~0.074Ra,与本区磷块岩基岩(0.087Ra)相似,而远低于正常海底玄武岩的^3He/^4He比值,显示这些基岩曾与富含放射性成因^4He和P的上升洋流或沉积物中建造水发生过水/岩反应,这个过程将释放出较多的成矿元素,有利于富钴结壳的形成.海底海山玄武岩中较低的He同位素组成可作为富钴结壳的找矿标志之一。
孙晓明薛婷何高文叶先仁张美陆红锋王生伟
关键词:惰性气体同位素组成富钴结壳
New Insights into Nanostructure and Geochemistry of Bioapatite in REE-Rich Sediments: LA-ICP-MS,TEM,and Z-Contrast Imaging Studies
Rare earth elements (REE) and yttrium (Y), termed as REY, are recently found to be extremely enriched in some ...
Jianlin LiaoXiaoming SunDengfeng LiRina SaYang LuZhiyong LinLi XuRunze ZhanYuguan PanHuifang Xu
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Noble Gas Isotopic Compositions of Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts from the Western Pacific Ocean and Their Geological Implications被引量:5
2007年
Noble gas isotopic compositions of various layers in three-layered (outer, porous and compact layers) cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts and their basaltic and phosphorite substrates from the western Pacific Ocean were analyzed by using a high vacuum gas mass spectrum. The analytical results show that the noble gases in the Co-rich crusts have derived mainly from the ambient seawater, extraterrestrial grains such as interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) and wind-borne continental dust grains, and locally formation water in the submarine sediments, but different noble gases have different sources. He in the crusts derives predominantly from the extraterrestrial grains, with a negligible amount of radiogenic He from the eolian dust grains. Ar is sourced mainly from the dissolved air in the seawater and insignificantly from radiogenic Ar in the eolian continental dust grains or the formation water. Xe and Ne derive mainly from the seawater, with minor amounts of extraterrestrial Xe and Ne in the IDPs. Compared with the porous and outer layers, the compact layer has a relatively high 4He content and lower 3He/4He ratios, suggesting that marine phosphatization might have greatly modified the noble gas isotopic compositions of the crusts. Besides, the 3He/4He values of the basaltic substrates of the cobalt-rich crusts are very low and their R/R. ratios are mostly 〈0.1 R., which are similar to that of phosphorite substrates (0.087 R.), but much lower than that of fresh submarine MORB (8.75±14 Ra) or seamount basalts (3-43 Ra), implying that the basaltic substrates have suffered strong water/rock interaction and reacted with radiogenic ^4He and P-rich upwelling marine currents during phosphatization. The trace elements released in the basalt/seawater interaction might favor the growth of cobalt-rich crusts. The relatively low ^3He/^4He values in the seamount basalts may be used as an important exploration criterion for the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts.
SUN XiaomingXUE TingHE GaowenYE XianrenZHANG MeiLU HongfengWANG Shengwei
东太平洋CC区多金属结核铂族元素(PGE)地球化学及其意义被引量:21
2006年
文章采用火试金分离富集法和等离子发射光谱(ICP_MS)测定了东太平洋CC区多金属结核中PGE和Au元素的含量,结果显示:结核中PGE相对于洋壳明显富集,尤其是Pt含量较高,wPt平均值为100.90×10-9。各种类型的多金属结核PGE和Au的球粒陨石配分曲线及有关参数非常一致,均表现为Pt正异常和Pd负异常,显示其中PGE和Au具有相似的来源。多金属结核与海底海山富钴结壳PGE配分模式及特征元素比值对比表明,两者PGE可能具有相同的来源,可能主要来源于海底玄武岩的水岩反应,部分来源于铁陨石,而并非主要来自海底热液及正常海水。
何高文孙晓明杨胜雄薛婷宋成兵石贵勇张美韩喜球
关键词:地球化学多金属结核富钴结壳成矿物质来源
Theoretical Prediction of Gibbs Free Energies of Formation for Crystallineα-MOOH andα-M_2O_3 Based on a Linear Free-Energy Relationship被引量:1
2011年
In the present study,the modified Sverjensky-Molling equation,derived from a linear-free energy relationship,is used to predict the Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases ofα-MOOH (with a goethite structure)andα-M_2O_3(with a hematite structure)from the known thermodynamic properties of the corresponding aqueous trivalent cations(M^(3+)).The modified equation is expressed asΔG_(f,M_VX)~0=a_(M_VX)ΔG_(0,M^(3+))^(0)+b_(M_VX)+β_(M_VXγM^(3+)),where the coefficients a_(M_VX),b_(M_VX),andβ_(M_VX) characterize a particular structural family of M_VX(M is a trivalent cation[M^(3+)]and X represents the remainder of the composition of solid);γ^(3+)is the ionic radius of trivalent cations(M^(3+));ΔG_(f,M_VX)~0 is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of M_vX;andΔG_(n,M^(3+))~0 is the non-solvation energy of trivalent cations(M^(3+)).By fitting the equation to the known experimental thermodynamic data,the coefficients for the goethite family(α-MOOH)are a_(M_VX)=0.8838,b_(M_VX)=-424.4431(kcal/mol),andβ_(M_VX)=115(kcal/ mol.(?)),while the coefficients for the hematite family(α-M_2O_3)are a_(M_VX)=1.7468,b_(M_VX)=-814.9573(kcal/ mol),andβ_(M_VX)=278(kcal/mol.(?)).The constrained relationship can be used to predict the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases and fictive phases(i.e.phases that are thermodynamically unstable and do not occur at standard conditions)within the isostructural families of goethite(α-MOOH)and hematite(α-M_2O_3)if the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of the trivalent cations are known.
SUN Xiaoming
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