[Objective] The aim was to compare contents of free and bound polyphenol and antioxidation of balsam pear in different varieties. [Method] Fourteen varieties of balsam pear were chosen to analyze total contents of free or bound phenol and components of free phenol. FRAP （Freeic reducing/antioxidant power）, DPPH （1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy）, and ABTS ＋· （2, 2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt） were used to measure antioxidation and analyze relationship between polyphenol content and antioxidation. [Result] Among the fourteen varieties of balsam pear, free, bound and total phenols were 157.58 -382.92, 6.46 -54 and 175.27 -413.79 mg GAE/100 g DW; coefficients of variance were 23.50% , 61.04% and 21.58%, respectively; free phenol accounted for 91.34% of total phenol and bound phenol accounted for 8.66% ; contents of total flavone for the fourteen varieties were from 8.97 to 18.22 mg CE/100 g DW and the coefficient was at 22.80%; vanillic aldehyde acid, epicatechin and rutin differed in contents among different varieties, which changed in 1.83-9.29, 35.17-114.52 and 0.91-4.53 mg/100 g DW and the coefficients were 43.85%, 26.97% and 33.09%; FRAP antioxidation was at 272.16 -713.32 mg TE/100 g DW and coefficient at 27.67% ; IC 50 of DPPH and ABTS ＋· clearance were 11.43-34.14 and 21.57-119.71 mg GAE/100 g DW and coefficients were at 35.10% and 63.75% , accordingly; content of total phenol was of extremely positive correlation with FRAP （P0.01） and of extremely negative correlation with IC 50 of DPPH and ABTS ＋ · clearance （P0.01）. [Conclusion] Contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidation are of significant genotype differences; and phenolic substance and antioxidation are mainly in free form and phenolic substance is the major basis for antioxidation.
【目的】比较不同苦瓜品种果肉中游离态和结合态多酚含量及其抗氧化能力差异。【方法】选用14个代表性的苦瓜品种,分析其果肉中的游离态和结合态总酚含量及其单体酚类的组成,采用铁离子还原能力(FRAP,Ferric reducing/antioxidant power)、DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼自由基,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy)和ABTS+.(2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸,2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt)自由基法测定其抗氧化能力差异,同时分析其多酚含量和抗氧化活性的关系。【结果】14个不同苦瓜品种的游离态酚、结合态酚和总酚含量分别介于157.58—382.92、6.46—54和175.27—413.79 mg GAE/100 g DW,变异系数分别为23.50%、61.04%和21.58%,游离态酚含量占总酚含量的91.34%,结合态酚含量仅占总含量的8.66%;14个品种的总黄酮含量介于8.97—18.22 mg CE/100 g DW,变异系数为22.80%;苦瓜中主要单体酚类物质香草醛酸、表儿茶素和芦丁含量亦存在显著的品种间差异,品种间的变幅分别为1.83—9.29、35.17—114.52和0.91—4.53 mg/100 g DW,变异系数分别为43.85%、26.97%、33.09%。FRAP抗氧化能力为272.16—713.32 mg TE/100 g DW,变异系数为27.67%;DPPH清除能力的IC50值为11.43—34.14 mg GAE/100 g DW,变异系数为35.10%;ABTS+.清除能力的IC50值为21.57—119.71 mg GAE/100 g DW,变异系数为63.75%。总酚含量与FRAP值呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与DPPH和ABTS+.清除能力的IC50值分别呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。【结论】不同苦瓜品种间酚类物质含量和抗氧化能力存在显著基因型差异,其酚类物质和抗氧化能力主要以游离态形式存在,且酚类物质是苦瓜发挥抗氧化作用的重要物质基础。
