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国家自然科学基金(41202183)

作品数:4 被引量:42H指数:3
相关作者:黄天明杨硕杨硕袁利娟庞忠和更多>>
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发文基金:国家自然科学基金中国博士后科学基金中国地质调查局地质调查项目更多>>
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包气带在干旱半干旱地区地下水补给研究中的应用被引量:19
2018年
在干旱半干旱地区,包气带的溶质和同位素剖面不但可以提供较长时间尺度上的地下水补给信息,而且记录了过去气候变化与环境变化信息。本文基于学科组近10年的研究成果,以鄂尔多斯盆地为例(包括南部的黄土高原和北部的沙漠高原),将包气带和饱和带结合起来,利用多种环境示踪技术,提升了包气带在干旱半干旱地区地下水研究中的潜力,并将其应用到地下水补给历史重建、地下水补给机制确定、植被变化对地下水补给影响评价和地下水污染物全过程示踪中。研究表明,由于在干旱半干旱地区,包气带较厚且补给量有限,地下水和现今的浅表水文过程未达到水力平衡,如在沙漠高原西部,近2 500 a降水尚储存在包气带13 m以浅,地下水是4 000 a以前补给的,其水化学特征与浅部包气带水差异巨大;而在黄土高原,补给量较大,但包气带巨厚,年降水仍需要几十到上百年时间入渗到地下水(但并不意味着没有补给,其土壤水在包气带中平均入渗速率为0.1~0.3 m·a^(-1)),包气带浅部溶质含量较深部和地下水中的高;典型黄土塬区的地下水均不含氚,地下水年龄在几百到上万年。黄土内部层状均匀的土壤质地特征和相对较老的地下水年龄揭示的均匀活塞流入渗是黄土塬区浅层地下水补给的主要方式。黄土高原退耕还林还草和沙漠区植被恢复导致地下水补给呈现不同程度的减少,反映在包气带上表现为溶质含量的增加,可用于定量化确定地下水补给量的变化。本文强化了包气带在干旱半干旱地区地下水补给研究中的作用,在未来地下水资源评价、地下水污染全过程刻画中应得到重视。
庞忠和黄天明黄天明袁利娟
关键词:包气带地下水补给同位素
Integrated assessment on groundwater nitrate by unsaturated zone probing and aquifer sampling with environmental tracers
<正>By employing chemical and isotopic tracers(~(15)N and ~(18)O in NO_3~-),we investigated the main processes ...
Lijuan YuanZhonghe PangTianming Huang
关键词:ISOTOPESEVAPORATIONDENITRIFICATION
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A comparative study of single factor and multivariate statistical methods for surface water quality assessment
Water quality assessment is an essential part of water resources management.Different methods,including the si...
Yanlong KongZhonghe PangChunyong WuMiao Jing
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Nitrate in groundwater and the unsaturated zone in(semi)arid northern China:baseline and factors controlling its transport and fate
Knowledge of the baseline of groundwater nitrate is essential for water quality management.As largescale anthr...
Tianming HuangZhonghe PangLijuan Yuan
关键词:NITRATE
Impacts of Human Activities on the Occurrence of Groundwater Nitrate in an Alluvial Plain:A Multiple Isotopic Tracers Approach
Nitrate pollution is a severe problem in areas with intensive agricultural activities.This study focuses on ni...
庞忠和袁利娟黄天明孔彦龙刘记来李义曼
关键词:NITRATE
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半干旱巨厚包气带区污染物运移模拟研究被引量:1
2015年
污染物在巨厚包气带中的最大入渗量、运移时间及过程,对于地下水污染防治与监测具有重要意义。而包气带水分、溶质模拟可以提供水分的最大入渗量及入渗时间,是将包气带-饱和带结合起来实现对污染物运移全过程刻画的基础。本文以我国半干旱黄土塬巨厚包气带地区为试验点(厚度达80m),进行了野外包气带取样和包气带水分、溶质模拟。结果表明在上边界近饱和情况下水分入渗量可达10m/a,经过1.59年污染物可进入饱和带。该数值可作为地下水模拟预测的基础。建议今后地下水环境影响评价中应重视包气带的采样与模拟以确定污染物入渗量及入渗时间。
李建东全占军刘记来黄天明
关键词:包气带污染物入渗
Groundwater circulation relative to water quality and vegetation in an arid transitional zone linking oasis, desert and river被引量:10
2013年
In groundwater-dependent ecosystems, groundwater circulation controls the overall water quality and ecosystem dynamics. Groundwater and vegetation across a 30-km groundwater transect linking oasis, desert and river in an extremely arid area were investigated with a series of soil profiles drilled into the unsaturated zone to understand groundwater circulation and its control on groundwater quality and surface vegetation in the extremely arid Lower Tarim River, NW China. Measurements have included water-table depth, water chemistry and water isotopes (2H, 18O, 3H) for 15 water samples, soil moisture and chloride content for 11 soil profiles, and vegetation investigation. Results show that the groundwater in desert zone is characterized by slow recharge rate (pre-modern water), great water-table depth (6.17-9.43 m) and high salinity (15.32-26.50 g/L), while that in oasis (uncultivated land) and riparian zone is characterized by relatively fast recharge rate (modern water), small groundwater-table depth (3.56-8.36 m) and low salinity (1.25-1.95 g/L). Stable isotopes show that secondary evaporation takes place during irrigation in oasis. The vegetation characteristics (coverage, richness, evenness and number of plants) are closely related to soil moisture and water-table depth. Groundwater recharge from irrigation in oasis and from river in riparian zone sustains a better ecosystem than that in the desert area, where lateral and vertical groundwater recharge is limited. The more evapotranspirative enrichment may occur in the vegetated and water-rich riparian zone as compared to desert. This study also demonstrates the effectiveness of environmental tracers in studying ecohydrological processes in arid regions.
HUANG TianMingPANG ZhongHeCHEN YaNingKONG YanLong
关键词:地下水循环极端干旱区地表植被河流断面
Impacts of Human Activities on the Occurrence of Groundwater Nitrate in an Alluvial Plain: A Multiple Isotopic Tracers Approach被引量:13
2013年
Nitrate pollution is a severe problem in areas with intensive agricultural activities. This study focuses on nitrate occurrence and its constraints in a selected alluvial fan using chemical data combined with environmental isotopic tracers (180, 3H, and lSN). Results show that groundwater nitrate in the study area is as high as 258.0 mg/L (hereafter NO3) with an average of 86.8 mg/L against national drinking water limit of 45 mg/L and a regional baseline value of 14.4 mg/L. Outside of the riparian zone, nitrate occurrence is closely related to groundwater circulation and application of chemical fertilizer.High groundwater nitrate is found in the re- charge area, where nitrate enters into ground- water through vertical infiltration, correspond- ing to high 3H and enriched 1SO in the water. In the riparian zone, on the contrary, the fate of groundwater nitrate is strongly affected by groundwater level. Based on two sampling tran- sects perpendicular to the riverbank, we found that the high level of nitrate corresponds to the deeper water table (25 m) near the urban center, where groundwater is heavily extracted.Groundwater nitrate is much lower (〈12.4 mg/L) at localities with a shallow water table (5 m), which is likely caused by denitrification in the aquifer.
庞忠和袁利娟黄天明孔彦龙刘记来李义曼
关键词:NITRATE
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