通过对黑龙江龙凤山和青海瓦里关Brewer地基臭氧总量的长期观测资料以及与观测时段对应的全球NCEP R1系列位势高度再分析资料的统计分析发现,龙凤山和瓦里关臭氧总量观测值有时存在剧烈的逐日变化,对这种异常变化进行定量分析,并对其与对流层天气过程的关系进行研究,发现两者之间存在良好的对应关系。臭氧总量的异常变化大多数出现在11月至次年5月的冬、春季节,并且臭氧总量的异常升高（第一类异值点）总是伴随着平流层低层（250-70 h Pa）的槽线和地面（1000 h Pa）的低压中心后方的天气形势,而臭氧总量的异常降低（第二类异值点）则时常伴随平流层低层的脊线和地面的高压中心后方的天气形势,这表明臭氧总量的异常变化可以作为地面天气系统转变的一个信号。
We present validation studies of MLS V2.2 and V3.3 water vapor(WV) and ozone profiles over the Tibetan Plateau(Naqu and Lhasa) and its adjacent region(Tengchong) respectively by using the balloon-borne Cryogenic Frost point Hygrometer and Electrochemical Concentration Cell ozonesonde. Coincident in situ measurements were selected to compare the MLS V2.2 and V3.3 WV and ozone profiles for understanding the applicability of the two version MLS products over the region. MLS V2.2 and V3.3 WV profiles respectively show their differences within ?2.2±15.7%(n=74) and 0.3±14.9%(n=75) in the stratosphere at and above 82.5 h Pa. Accordingly, at 100 h Pa, the altitude approaching the tropopuase height, differences are within 9.8± 46.0%(n=18) and 23.0±45.8%(n=17), and they are within 21.5±90.6%(n=104) and 6.0±83.4%(n=99) in upper troposphere. The differences of MLS ozone are within ?11.7±16.3%(n=135, V2.2) and 15.6±24.2%(n=305, V3.3) at and above 82.5 h Pa. At 100 h Pa, they are within ?3.5±54.4%(n=27) and ?8.7±41.6%(n=38), and within 18.0±79.1%(n=47) and 34.2±76.6%(n=160) in the upper troposphere. The relative difference of MLS WV and ozone profile has significant oscillation and scatter at upper troposphere and lower stratosphere partly due to the stronger gradients of WV and ozone concentrations here as well the linear interpolation of sonde data for the intercomparison. At and below 70 h Pa, the relative differences of MLS ozone are significantly larger over Lhasa during the Tibetan Plateau "ozone valley" season, which is also the Asian Summer Monsoon period. The MLS ozone differences over the three sites are similar in their vertical distributions during that period. A simple linear correlation analysis between MLS and sonde profiles indicates that the sensitivity of MLS profile products is related to concentrations at each pressure level. The MLS V3.3 product sensitivity is slightly improved for WV at and above 82.5 h Pa, whereas it is not obvious for ozone. The possible factors contributing to the differenc
YAN XiaoLuZHENG XiangDongZHOU XiuJiHolger VMELSONG JianYangLI WeiMA YongHongZHANG Yong
根据Aura卫星微波临边探测（MLS）2.2,3.3版水汽和臭氧廓线,采用线性内插方法,将夏季在青藏高原（西藏的那曲和拉萨）及其周边地区（云南腾冲）通过冷冻霜点仪（CFH）和电化学反应池型（ECC）探空仪分别测得的水汽和臭氧数据插值到与卫星产品规定的气压高度进行比较分析,以检验MLS水汽和臭氧廓线产品.结果表明：MLS 2.2和3.3版水汽相对误差在100 h Pa的对流层顶附近分别为（9.8±46.0）%（n=18）,（23.0±45.8）%（n=17）;在小于并包含82.5h Pa在内的下平流层则分别为（-2.2±15.7）%（n=74）,（0.3±14.9）%（n=75）;而在对流层316-121h Pa高度则分别为（21.5±90.6）%（n=104）,（6.0±83.4）%（n=99）.相应MLS 2.2,3.3版臭氧的误差分别为：（-3.5±54.4）%（n=27）,（-8.7±41.6）%（n=38）（100 h Pa）;（-11.7±16.3）%（n=135）,（15.6±24.2）%（n=305）（下平流层）;（18.0±79.1）%（n=47）,（34.2±76.6）%（n=160）（对流层上层）.MLS水汽和臭氧的误差垂直分布在对流层上层-平流层低层振荡和离散分布明显,部分误差可能由于此高度层水汽和臭氧浓度梯度大和比较用线性插值探空数据引起.＂臭氧低谷＂期间,拉萨地区70 h Pa高度以下MLS卫星臭氧浓度误差明显增加;腾冲、那曲与拉萨三地的MLS臭氧误差的垂直分布特征较一致.卫星产品与探空测值的初步关系表明,MLS廓线的灵敏度与水汽和臭氧在大气中垂直分布有密切联系,3.3版水汽产品的灵敏度在82.5 h Pa以上高度略有提高,臭氧产品灵敏度没有明显变化.文中还讨论了导致MLS水汽和臭氧廓线产品误差的可能因素.
