Based on the traditional theory of wave mean flow interaction, an improved quasi-geostrophic Eliassen-Palm flux with diabatic heating included is deduced. It is shown that there exists an intrinsic relation between the atmospheric energy cycle derived by Lorenz and the wave energy transfer derived by Eliassen and Palm. From this relation it becomes clear that the energy propagation process of large-scale stationary wave is indeed a part of Lorenz energy cycle, and the energy transform from mean flow to wave equals the global mass integral of the divergence of local wave energy flux or the global integral of local wave energy. The diagnostic results by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data suggest that the classical adiabatic Eliassen-Palm flux relation can present only the wintertime wave energy transformation. For other seasons, however, the diabatic effect must be taken into account.
Based on the 1958-1999 monthly averaged reanalysis data of the National Center for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCAR)and the rainfall data of 160 Chinese surface stations,the relationship between rainfall and the atmospheric circulation anomaly over East Asia(EA)in July and the sensible heating(SH)over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)from April to June(AMJ)is investigated by using the rotational experimental orthogonal function(REOF)method.The results show that the TP is an isolated heating source in this period.The lagged correlation analysis between the first rotational principal component(RPC)of SH over the TP in May and rainfall of EA in July demonstrates that strong SH over the TP before July leads to a positive rainfall anomaly over the TP,the valley between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River,and the regions south and southeast of the TP,and the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,but less rainfall anomaly over the regions north,northeast,and west of the TP.Such rainfall anomaly patterns are shown to be well coordinated with those of the circulation and vapor flux fields,and are explained by using the thermal adaptation theory and quasi-stationary large-scale vorticity equation.Therefore,the status of SH over the TP during AMJ can be used as a predictor for the rainfall anomaly over EA,especially in the valley between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.
