目的既往有关精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响因素大多集中于疾病的症状、病程等,很少有研究针对于其体质指数(body mass index,BMI)对其认知功能的影响。本研究是为了探讨精神分裂症患者BMI的不同对于认知功能的影响,以及BMI增加率与认知功能改善状况之间的关系。方法选取59名患者纳入本研究,按照BMI不同将其分为两组。对每一位被试者的身高、体质量(体重)、认知功能进行测评。采用t检验及相关分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果超重和肥胖患者与体重正常患者在颜色连线测验1所用时间上差异有统计学意义(t=-2.62,P=0.011)。患者服药6个月后BMI增加率与颜色连线1所用时间和抬手次数的改善程度呈负相关(r=-0.272、-0.353,P=0.037、0.006)。结论 BMI能够影响认知功能,BMI增加越快,认知症状的改善越慢。高BMI与精神分裂症患者的认知损害可能存在一定联系。
Background The impairment of facial expression recognition has become a biomarker for early identification of first-episode schizophrenia, and this kind of research is increasing.Aims To explore the differences in brain area activation using different degrees of disgusted facial expression recognition in antipsychotic-na?ve patients with firstepisode schizophrenia and healthy controls.Methods In this study, facial expression recognition tests were performed on 30 first-episode, antipsychoticna?ve patients with schizophrenia(treatment group) and 30 healthy subjects(control group) with matched age, educational attainment and gender. Functional MRI was used for comparing the differences of the brain areas of activation between the two groups.Results The average response time difference between the patient group and the control group in the ‘high degree of disgust' facial expression recognition task was statistically significant(1.359(0.408)/2.193(0.625), F=26.65, p<0.001), and the correct recognition rate of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group(41.05(22.25)/59.84(13.91, F=19.81, p<0.001). Compared with the control group, the left thalamus, right lingual gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus were negatively activated in the patients with first-episode schizophrenia in the ‘high degree of disgust' emotion recognition, and there was a significant activation in the left and right middle temporal gyrus and the right caudate nucleus. However, there was no significant activation difference in the ‘low degree of disgust' recognition.Conclusions In patients with first-episode schizophrenia, the areas of facial recognition impairment are significantly different in different degrees of disgust facial expression recognition.
