二噻吩[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]并吡咯(Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole,DTP)分别与3种受体单元聚合得到聚合物P1~P3,受体单元分别为:吡咯并吡咯二酮(DPP)、二噻吩苯并噁二唑(DTBO)和喹喔啉衍生物(TQ).研究表明,3种聚合物都有较窄的带隙(P1:1.23 e V,P2:1.51 e V,P3:1.50 e V),有利于活性层材料对太阳光的吸收,其中P1获得了最宽的吸收(近1000 nm).将P1~P3与PC71BM共混制备光伏器件,当给受体比例为1∶3时,基于P1的光伏器件短路电流密度(short-circuit current density,JSC)为15.82 m A/cm^2,开路电压(open-circuit voltage,VOC)为0.38 V,能量转化效率(power conversion efficiency,PCE)达到3.33%,为3种聚合物中最高的效率.对于聚合物P2和P3,在给受体比例为1∶2时,光伏性能最好,此时P2与P3的PCE值分别为1.20%和1.37%,导致较低光电转换效率的因素是短路电流密度JSC(P2:9.70 m A/cm^2,P3:9.21 m A/cm^2)和开路电压VOC(约0.3 V)过低.
Synthesis and electrochemical polymerization of 9,9-bis(2-(2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-fluorene(EO-F)into poly[9,9-bis(2-(2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-fluorene](EO-PF) films are reported. The boron trifluoride diethyl etherate electrolyte enables facile preparation of EO-PF films at lower potential compared to LiClO4/MeCN and the electrochemical polymerizations are discussed. The EO-PF shows good electrochemical behavior and can be dissolved in solvents such as DMSO and THF. The solubility of EO-PF in THF is 2 mg mL 1and the number average molecular weight is35300 with a polydispersity index of 1.65. The side chains on C9position of the monomer maintain unchanged after electrooxidation into corresponding polymer. The EO-PF dissolved in THF under 365 nm ultraviolet light is sky blue light emitting with the Commission Internationale de L Eclairage-CIE coordinates of(0.19, 0.15). The electropolymerized EO-PF is used for the first time in chemosensing metal ions, demonstrating fluorescence quenching for Mn2+and Fe3+while fluorescence enhancement for Cr6+ions.
A series of conjugated polymers based on PFS derivatives with π-conjugated 5-(9H-fluoren-2-yl)-2,2′-bithiophene(fluorene-alt-bithiophene) backbones, namely PFS-3C, PFS-4C and PFS-6C, were synthesized for their use as the anode interfacial layers(AILs) in the efficient fullerene-free polymer solar cells(PSCs). Alkyl sulfonate pendants with different lengths of alkyl side chains were introduced in the three polymers in order to investigate the effect of the alkyl chain length on the anode modification. The obtained three polymers exhibited similar absorption bands and energy levels, indicating that changing the length of the alkyl side chains did not affect the optoelectronic properties of the conjugated polymers. Based on the PBDB-T:ITIC active layer, we fabricated the fullerene-free PSCs using the three polymers as the AILs. The superior performance of the fullerene-free PSC device was achieved when PFS-4C was used as the AIL, showing a power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 10.54%. The high performance of the PFS-4C-modified device could be ascribed to the high transmittance, suitable work-function(WF) and smooth surface of PFS-4C. To the best of our knowledge, the PCE obtained in the PFS-4C-modified device is among the highest PCE values in the fullerene-free PSCs at present. These results demonstrate that the PFS derivatives are promising candidates in serving as the AIL materials for high-performance fullerene-free PSCs.
