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国家杰出青年科学基金(39825121)

作品数:5 被引量:110H指数:3
相关作者:张国范郭希明刘晓刘述锡张福绥更多>>
相关机构:中国科学院新泽西州立大学中国科学院研究生院更多>>
发文基金:国家杰出青年科学基金中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目中国科学院“百人计划”更多>>
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^(60)Co-γ射线对成体长牡蛎生长的影响及致死效应被引量:3
2005年
Effects of ionizing irradiation of γ ray on mortality and growth of one year-old Pacific oysters (Crassotrea gigas) were studied. Irradiation was conducted at 4 ℃ and without sea water, and the survival, shell length, shell width, whole wet weight and condition index of irradiated oysters were measured. A biphasic dose response effect of γ irradiation on Pacific oyster with high stimulatory response dose range to 100 Gy, and strong hormesis effects had been observed. Gamma ray induced mortality happened within 90 days after irradiation, and the relation between dosage (D) and mortality at 90 days could be described by the equation of M90=0.0041D2-0.1816D (R2=0.9958) with an LD50/90 of 135 Gy, indicating that the Pacific oyster has strong resistance to γ irradiation. Growth in shell length, shell width and whole wet weight of Pacific oyster were also enhanced by 60 Gy of γ ray. The condition index was also enhanced by γ irradiation in the dosage range from 40 to 100 Gy, with the maximum stimulatory response of 2.5 fold of control value at the 40 Gy dosage, suggesting that the accelerating effects of γ ray on growth of the Pacific oyster led to increase in dry meat. Results of this study showed that ionizing irradiation might be useful in the improvement of production traits in shellfish.
刘晓彭小明张国范赵敏郭希明
关键词:长牡蛎致死
海湾扇贝个体间单向人工授精的分子生物学验证被引量:2
2006年
Hybrid family of Argopecten irradians irradians was created by fertilization between two northern bay scallop individuals.Two families were analyzed in this study.The first family,Pa-Pb,is a pair mating between two scallops named Pa and Pb,while the second one crossed by individuals of Y1 and P0.Marker inheritance and segregation were studied in the 10 progenies of each family by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis.102 RAPD primers were first screened by parental animals of both families.Only the primers with polymorphisms between the two parental animals in each family were selected for further analysis.In both families,parents and 10 progeny were analyzed with selected primers.In family Pa-Pb,a total of 122 bands generated from 12 selected primers.37 of them were polymorphic between two parents.The maternal Pa of this family had 17 molecular markers while paternal Pb had 20 markers.In Y1-P0,95 bands were produced by 10 selected primers.32 bands were polymorphic between maternal Y1 and paternal P0,who had 17 and 15 molecular markers respectively.In both families,each progeny analyzed in this study had at least 8 maternal markers and 5 paternal markers.Based on segregation patterns at all markers analyzed,we concluded that none of the progeny analyzed were from self-fertilization,and one-way hybridization between two individuals was successful in both of the two bay scallop families.
孙博刘晓张国范郑怀平郭希明
关键词:海湾扇贝人工授精杂交家系RAID分子标记
细胞松弛素B诱导虾夷扇贝多倍体初探被引量:18
2001年
Triploid shellfish are useful for aquaculture because of their sterility,superior growth and improved meat quality.Tetraploid are also valuable for 100% producing triploids through mating with diploid.We tested polyploid induction in Japanese scallop,Patinopecten yessoensis,by inhibiting polar body Ⅰ (PB group) and both polar bodyⅠandⅡ (PPB group) in newly fertilized eggs.Cytochalasin B (0.6 mg/L) was applied at 11~22 min post fertilization (PF),and terminated in PB group when polar body Ⅰ was released about 70% in untreated eggs,in PPB group when polar lobe was observed in control group.The treatment and its control were repeated 5~7 times using different pairs of parents.The ploidy was determined by counting chromosome number at embryo stage,and then was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) at larvae stage and juvenile stage.\;In PB group,aneuploid (31.13%),triploid (3.96%),tetraploid (17.46%) and pentaploid (46.65%) embryos were produced,and in PPB groups,pentaploid embryos became higher (56.2%),triploid and tetraploid were 2.42% and 9.11%.At day 3 PF,the larvae showed tetraploid,pentaploid and aneuploid peaks through checking with FCM in PB group,and showed mainly higher pentaploidy peak in PPB groups.However,at day 14 PF diploids were mainly left,sometimes with small triploid peak.It suggested that most tetraploid,aneuploid and pentaploid larvae were died within the first two weeks PF.At three months PF,a few diploid juveniles were harvested in three control groups.Only 12 juvenile scallops were harvested in one of treated group (PB-7),and 11 of them died accidentally,the alive one in treated group was triploid through checking with FCM.
杨蕙萍李莉郭希明
关键词:虾夷扇贝三倍体四倍体极体多倍体
海湾扇贝自交家系的建立和自交效应被引量:85
2003年
以1992年12月从加拿大引种到中国、以群体交配的方式在中国繁养了7代的海湾扇贝(Argopectenirradians)为材料,随机选取15个性腺发育成熟的个体,分为A、B、C3组,分别通过自体受精建立15个自交家系,每组设各自混群对照。结果表明,海湾扇贝自体交配家系的受精率较高,并与对照组相近;但孵化率变化较大,15个自交系的孵化率变化范围为1.35%~68.23%,平均为31.44%。自交家系F1面盘幼虫的生长速率明显低于对照组,附着变态时间也迟于对照。在15个自交家系中有14个获得成体子代,共1311个个体,但各家系间差异很大,从13个到186个不等。自交家系子代个体可以发育到性成熟并可繁殖F2,证明通过自交培育海湾扇贝家系在技术上可行。方差分析表明,除A组自交家系体重与其对照差异不显著(P≥0.05)外,其余绝大多数自交家系和对照组相比,在壳长、壳高和体重方面的差异显著(P≤0.05)或极显著(P≤0.01)。本研究还表明,海湾扇贝的自交可导致自交衰退,表现为发育迟缓和个体小型化。在面盘幼虫阶段自交衰退率为25.9%,成体阶段平均为12.7%。
张国范刘述锡刘晓郭希明张福绥
关键词:海湾扇贝自交衰退
长牡蛎非整倍体的制备、胚胎发育及存活能力被引量:4
2003年
通过二倍体、三倍体杂交的方法制备长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)非整倍体。实验组设为2n♀×3n♂组、3n♀×2n♂组和3n×3n组,对照组为2n×2n组。与对照组相比,实验组畸形率高,担轮虫孵化率及D形幼虫生成率等参数均降低,幼虫死亡率高。在担轮幼虫向D形幼虫转化期,实验组发育滞后。培育过程中染色体数为25左右的非整倍体不能存活,整倍体和染色体数与整倍体接近的非整倍体能够存活。实验证实该方法是进行贝类非整倍体制备的有效手段。
巩宁张国范
关键词:长牡蛎非整倍体胚胎发育
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