现有的脑-机接口系统大都只基于单模式的脑电特征,系统能实现的功能非常有限,从而制约了脑-机接口系统的应用。采用基于多种模式脑电信号(electroencephalogram,EEG)的脑-机接口技术来实现虚拟键鼠系统,使得被试可以利用自身的脑电信号控制鼠标和键盘的操作。研究了脑-机接口中常用的3种脑电信号,分别是P300波、alpha波以及稳态视觉诱发电位(steady state visual evoked potential,SSVEP),通过设计实验成功的诱发出了被试相应的特征脑电信号。利用SSVEP的脑电特征设计6频率LED闪烁刺激的虚拟鼠标系统,实现控制鼠标光标移动、单击左键和单击右键的任务;利用P300波的脑电特征设计6×6的字符矩阵虚拟键盘系统,实现字符输入的任务;利用被试自主闭眼增强alpha波的脑电特征,实现鼠标和键盘应用切换的任务。研究了适宜这3种脑电特征的最佳测量电极组合及模式识别算法,使得对3种脑电信号的识别正确率均达到了85%以上。测试结果显示,文中设计的基于多模式EEG的脑-机接口虚拟键鼠系统能有效地实现鼠标控制以及键盘输入的任务。
In this paper, we put forward a weak blind quantum signature scheme based on quantum entanglement swapping of Bell states. Different from the existing quantum signature schemes, our scheme can offer two-step verification security services to ensure the validity of the verification. In order to guarantee the unconditional security of the scheme, the quantum key distribution protocol and one-time pad encryption algorithm are employed in our scheme. Besides, the entanglement swapping of Bell states mechanism enhances the security of verification criteria. The proposed scheme has the properties of nonforgeability, nonrepudiation, lindness,and traceability.
