By using thermogravimetric analysis the process and mechanism of iron ore reduced by biomass char were investigated and compared with those reduced by coal and coke. It is found that biomass char has a higher reactivity. The increase of carbon-to-oxygen mole ratio (C/O) can lead to the enhancement of reaction rate and reduction fraction, but cannot change the temperature and trend of each reaction. The reaction temperature of hematite reduced by biomass char is at least 100 K lower than that reduced by coal and coke, the maximum reaction rate is 1.57 times as high as that of coal, and the final reaction fraction is much higher. Model calculation indicates that the use of burden composed of biomass char and iron ore for blast furnaces can probably decrease the temperature of the thermal reserve zone and reduce the CO equilibrium concentration.
Hai-bin ZuoZheng-wen HuJian-liang ZhangJing LiZheng-jian Liu
This study investigated the isothermal gasification reactivity of biomass char(BC) and coal char(CC) blended at mass ratios of 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 via isothermal thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) at 900, 950, and 1000°C under CO2. With an increase in BC blending ratio, there were an increase in gasification rate and a shortening of gasification time. This could be attributed to the high specific surface area of BC and the high uniformity of carbon structures in CC when compared to those in BC. Three representative gas–solid kinetic models, namely, the volumetric model(VM), grain model(GM), and random pore model(RPM), were applied to describe the reaction behavior of the char. Among them, the RPM model was considered the best model to describe the reactivity of the char gasification reaction. The activation energy of BC and CC isothermal gasification as determined using the RPM model was found to be 126.7 k J/mol and 210.2 k J/mol, respectively. The activation energy was minimum(123.1 k J/mol) for the BC blending ratio of 75%. Synergistic effect manifested at all mass ratios of the blended char, which increased with the gasification temperature.
Hai-bin ZuoWei-wei GengJian-liang ZhangGuang-wei Wang
The influences of the time,temperature and atmosphere on the reduction swelling of oxidized pellets were investigated by single factor experiments.The mechanisms of reduction swelling of oxidized pellets were analyzed and investigated by SEM(scanning electron microscopy)and XRD(X-ray diffractometer)analysis.The results show that the change rules of reduction swelling index of oxidized pellets in different reduction atmospheres are very similar.With the increase of reduction time,the reduction swelling index moves up firstly and then down.When the reduction temperature is above 900℃,α-quartz turns intoα-tridymite,and the transition generates additional volume expansion effect.The reduction swelling index changes faster in H2 atmosphere than in CO atmosphere.Increasing H2 content in the reduction atmosphere is useful to decrease the reduction swelling index,but it is also easy to cause oxidized pellets cracking.
采用两种不同的升温制度对生物质进行碳化,碳化温度选为300、400、500、600和700℃,保温时间分别为30、60和90 min.利用扫描电镜及热重分析仪对所得生物质焦的成分、微观结构及燃烧性能等进行分析,并研究了制备条件对生物质焦的产率及与CO2反应性的影响.结果表明,生物质焦具有与煤不同的典型管状或片状结构,其N、S、灰分、碱金属含量及燃烧性能优于煤炭,适合用作炼铁过程的还原剂和发热剂,以替代部分煤粉和焦炭.综合考虑,炼铁用生物质焦的最佳制备条件是,采用恒温加热模式将生物质加热至500℃进行碳化,并保温30 min.
