Amino acids were found to be as good ligands for copper-catalyzed borylation reactions of primary and secondary alkyl halides,and the B2pin2 acted as bi-boron source for borylation.The high reaction efficiency and mild conditions make the new catalyst system a useful alternative to the recently developed methods for the preparation of alkylboronic esters.
The relationship between bilayer nanostructure, defect density and dye-sensitized solar cell （DSCC） per- formances was investigated. By adjusting bilayer nano- structures, defect density of ZnO nanodendrite-nanorods structure was decreased comparing to that of nanoflower- nanorods structure. The performances of DSCC based on ZnO nanodendrites-nanorods structure and nanoflower- nanorods structure were studied by Raman spectrum, room temperature photoluminescence, dye loading, photocurrent density-voltage characteristic and open-circuit voltage decay （OCVD） technique. The device with nanodendrite- nanorods structure has lower charge recombination rate and prolonged electron lifetime due to its microstructure feature.
