Let f ： M→ M be a self-map of a closed manifold M of dimension dim M ≥ 3. The Nielsen number N（f） of f is equal to the minimal number of fixed points of f＇ among all self-maps f＇ in the homotopy class of f. In this paper, we determine N（f） for all self-maps f when M is a closed 3-manifold with S^2× R geometry. The calculation of N（f） relies on the induced homomorphisms of f on the fundamental group and on the second homotopy group of M.
Let M i be a connected, compact, orientable 3-manifold, F i a boundary component of M i with g(F i ) 2, i = 1, 2, and F 1 ≌ F 2 . Let : F 1 → F 2 be a homeomorphism, and M = M 1 ∪ M 2 , F = F 2 = (F 1 ). Then it is known that g(M ) g(M 1 ) + g(M 2 ) - g(F ). In the present paper, we give a sufficient condition for the genus of an amalgamated 3-manifold not to go down as follows: Suppose that there is no essential surface with boundary (Q i1 , Q i ) in (M i1 , F i ) satisfying χ(Q i ) > 3 - 2g(M i ), i = 1, 2. Then g(M ) = g(M 1 ) + g(M 2 ) - g(F ).
Davis and Januszkiewicz introduced(real and complex) universal complexes to give an equivalent definition of characteristic maps of simple polytopes, which now can be seen as "colorings". The author derives an equivalent definition of Buchstaber invariants of a simplicial complex K, then interprets the difference of the real and complex Buchstaber invariants of K as the obstruction to liftings of nondegenerate simplicial maps from K to the real universal complex or the complex universal complex. It was proved by Ayzenberg that real universal complexes can not be nondegenerately mapped into complex universal complexes when dimension is 3. This paper presents that there is a nondegenerate map from 3-dimensional real universal complex to 4-dimensional complex universal complex.
Let Mi, i = 1,2, be a compact orientable 3-manifold, and Ai an incompressible annulus on a component Fi of OMi. Suppose A1 is separating on F1 and A2 is non-separating on F2. Let M be the annulus sum of M1 and M2 along A1 and A2. In the present paper, we give a lower bound for the genus of the annulus sum M in the condition of the Heegaard distances of the submanifolds M1 and M2
and uses it imply that application In this paper the author gives a method of constructing characteristic matrices, to determine the Buchstaber invariants of all simple convex 3-polytopes, which each simple convex 3-polytope admits a characteristic function. As a further of the method, the author also gives a simple new proof of five-color theorem.
Let S be a closed orientable surface of genus g ≥ 2,and C（S）the curve complex of S.In the paper,we introduce the concepts of 2-path between edges in C（S）,which can be regarded as an analogue to the edge path between vertices in C（S）.We show that C（S）is 2P-connected,and the 2-diameter of C（S）is infinite.
