川西坳陷致密砂岩气藏的形成和分布受断裂控制作用明显。在对断裂的分布特征、断裂性质、断层几何特征、断裂形成时间等研究的基础上,结合研究区断裂与砂体的沟通关系、已发现气藏的开发情况和失利井的综合分析,揭示了断裂对陆相领域致密气藏天然气运聚的控制作用。研究结果表明,断裂影响和控制川西坳陷致密天然气藏有5种情况:断裂发育促使深层须家河组天然气富集成藏、断裂输导使深部须家河组天然气部分破坏、断裂输导深部须家河组天然气使中浅层侏罗系成藏、断裂破坏严重使中浅层侏罗系成藏效率低和断裂不发育的部位中浅层侏罗系含气性较差。单井与断裂距离的远近对单井产能具有一定的影响,且不同级别断裂影响规律存在较大差异:Ⅰ级断裂(延伸长度L≥100 km)和Ⅱ级断裂(10 km2 000 m,单井产能低。
Exploration practices show that the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong Uplift is extremely complicated.Our research indicates that the oil and gas accumulation is controlled by favorable facies and low fluid potential.At the macro level,hydrocarbon distribution in this uplift is controlled by structural zones and sedimentary systems.At the micro level,oil occurrences are dominated by lithofacies and petrophysical facies.The control of facies is embodied in high porosity and permeability controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.Besides,the macro oil and gas distribution in the uplift is also influenced by the relatively low fluid potential at local highs,where most successful wells are located.These wells are also closely related to the adjacent fractures.Therefore,the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism in the Tazhong Uplift can be described as follows.Induced by structures,the deep and overpressured fluids migrated through faults into the sand bodies with relatively low potential and high porosity and permeability.The released overpressure expelled the oil and gas into the normal-pressured zones,and the hydrocarbon was preserved by the overlying caprock of poorly compacted Carboniferous and Permian mudstones.Such a mechanism reflects favorable facies and low potential controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.Based on the statistical analysis of the reservoirs and commercial wells in the uplift,a relationship between oil-bearing property in traps and the facies-potential index was established,and a prediction of two favorable targets was made.
Yu Yixing Chen Dongxia Pang Hong Shi Xiuping Pang Xiongqi
