Based on the constructing thought of the displacement model of isoparametric finite element, an extended interpolating algorithm is deduced for calculating the overpressure history of an optional point on the walls of the rectangle-section tunnel under an optional point-explosion in its internal space. According to the working principle, the overpressure histories of all nodes on the walls of a tunnel with the equal width and height of 2 m, induced by a reference-charge explosion at each node in this tunnel's cross section, are computed using the LS-DYNA software, and then are gathered to establish a reference database, which makes it possible to set optionally the positions of the explosive and the overpressure-observed point. In addition, some variation factors of peak values and durations of overpressure on the walls, reflecting some changes on the charge weight and the sizes of width and height of the section, are included in this algorithm in order to simulate approximately the overpressure responses on the walls under the optional charge weight and cross-section size. Some example analyses indicate the rapidity and validity of this method, and therefore this will bring it a good prospect in engineering application.
传统数值方法模拟建筑结构在爆炸荷载作用下的结构响应和连续倒塌时,具有计算模型复杂、计算量大的特点,实际应用价值不大。基于将爆炸荷载作用下结构响应分析分两步进行的数值模拟方法,利用非线性显式动力分析软件AUTODYN的Remap技术模拟爆炸波在空气中的传播过程,利用压强测点记录结构构件表面的爆炸压强时程曲线;建立结构精细化有限元模型,并将上一步记录的爆炸压强时程曲线施加于结构构件,利用LS-DYNA显式求解器分析结构在爆炸荷载作用下的动态响应和倒塌过程。将该方法应用于某钢框架结构在爆炸荷载作用下的动态响应和连续倒塌分析。结果表明:钢框架结构具有较好的抗爆性能,在发生1 000 kg TNT当量及以下规模的室外爆炸时,主体结构能够保证安全;在发生1 500 kg TNT当量及以上大规模爆炸时,发生次梁塌落等局部破坏,亦可能发生结构连续倒塌。
为研究砌体墙在爆炸荷载下的响应机理,建立了墙体的有效分析模型,并采用有限元分析软件LS-DYNA对砌体墙在爆炸荷载作用下的变形与破坏模式进行数值模拟。计算得到未加固和弹性聚合物加固墙体的整体变形与破坏模式、跨中位移与速度等的数值模拟结果与试验数据基本一致。给出了弹性聚合物和碳纤维布CFRP(carbon fiber rein forced plastic)材料加固效果的比较,并指出采用这2种材料加固的墙体均具有较好的抗爆性能,碳纤维布材料加固的效果要好于弹性聚合物材料。
