光纤的焦比退化(focal ratio degradation)是光纤光谱效率损失的重要原因之一。光纤在安装和每次定位过程中,光纤的转动和扭曲会引起光纤焦比退化发生变化,从而改变光纤的传输效率,每根光纤由此造成的传输效率变化都会存在差异。而这样的效率差异无法用通常天文观测中使用的晨昏天光平场或者圆顶平场改正。减天光是光纤光谱数据处理中决定光谱质量的重要环节。减天光处理要求对不同光纤的传输效率进行归一化处理,以扣除不同光纤之间传输效率差异导致的天光背景测量的误差。对于与天光背景亮度接近乃至更暗的观测目标而言,光纤传输效率的改正精度决定了减天光的精度。测试了LAMOST望远镜光纤转动对光纤传输效率的影响情况。在检查了光谱中天光发射线强度与光纤传输效率的关系,和验证了光纤效率变化与波长变化相对独立的基础上,提出并且证实了通过测量各光纤中天光发射线强度作为光纤相对效率变化量来改正光纤效率差异的方法是可行的。这种方法已经被应用到LAMOST二维光谱处理当中。
We present candidate members of the Pal 5,GD-1,Cetus Polar and Orphan tidal stellar streams found in LAMOST DR3,SDSS DR9 and APOGEE catalogs.In LAMOST DR3,we find 20,4 and 24 high confidence candidates of tidal streams GD-1,Cetus Polar and Orphan respectively.We also list 59,118 and 10 high confidence candidates of tidal streams Cetus Polar,Orphan and Pal 5,respectively from the SDSS DR9 spectroscopic catalog.Furthermore,we find seven high confidence candidates of the Pal 5 tidal stream in the APOGEE data.Compared with SDSS,the new candidates from LAMOST DR3 are brighter,so that together,more of the color-magnitude diagram,including the giant branch,can be explored.Analysis of the SDSS data shows that there are three metallicity peaks associated with the Orphan stream which also exhibit some spatial separation.The LAMOST data confirm multiple metallicities in this stream.The metallicity,given by the higher resolution APOGEE instrument,of the Pal 5 tidal stream is [Fe/H] ^-1.2,higher than that given earlier by SDSS spectra.Many previously unidentified stream members are tabulated here for the first time,along with existing members,allowing future researchers to further constrain the orbits of these objects as they move within the Galaxy's dark matter potential.
