The volume of influence of excavation at the right bank slope of Dagangshan Hydropower Station, southwest China, is essentially determined from microseismic monitoring, numerical modeling and conventional measurements as well as in situ observations. Microseismic monitoring is a new application technique for investigating microcrackings in rock slopes. A microseismic monitoring network has been systematically used to monitor rock masses unloading relaxation due to continuous excavation of rock slope and stress redistribution caused by dam impoundment later on, and to identify and delineate the potential slippage regions since May, 2010. An important database of seismic source locations is available. The analysis of microseismic events showed a particular tempo-spatial distribution. Seismic events predominantly occurred around the upstream slope of 1180 m elevation, especially focusing on the hanging wall of fault XL316-1. Such phenomenon was interpreted by numerical modeling using RFPA-SRM code (realistic failure process analysis-strength reduction method). By comparing microseismic activity and results of numerical simulation with in site observation and conventional measurements results, a strong correlation can be obtained between seismic source locations and excavation-induced stress distribution in the working areas. The volume of influence of the rock slope is thus determined. Engineering practices show microseismic monitoring can accurately diagnose magnitude, intensity and associated tempo-spatial characteristics of tectonic activities such as faults and unloading zones. The integrated technique combining seismic monitoring with numerical modeling, as well as in site observation and conventional surveying, leads to a better understanding of the internal effect and relationship between microseismic activity and stress field in the right bank slope from different perspectives.
富含孔隙/裂隙岩体的非线性变形对于工程的安全评价具有重要意义。在多物理场耦合分析求解器TOUGH-FLAC3D中实现双应变胡克模型(two-part Hooke s model,简称TPHM)的数值解法,并界定TPHM的适用条件。TPHM假设:对于岩体中可承受较大变形的软体(如孔隙、裂隙等),用基于自然应变(或真应变,即岩体变形与当前应力状态下的岩体体积之比)的胡克定律来描述;而对于只承受较小变形的硬体部分用基于工程应变(岩体变形与原始应力状态下的岩体体积之比)的胡克定律来描述。通过对室内岩样的应力-应变特征计算分析,表明TPHM在本质上反映了加卸载过程中低应力阶段的非线性变形行为,该力学响应完全取决于孔隙/裂隙的自然应变(真应变);通过对瑞士Mont Terri岩石实验室的深部ED-B巷道围岩的变形场计算分析,显示出TPHM较为准确地反映了开挖卸载诱发的围岩变形特征。因为TPHM本质上是考虑了低应力状态下孔隙/裂隙对岩石力学性质的影响,因此,在具有卸荷扰动特征的岩石工程中应用TPHM模型进行设计分析更符合实际。
