A new cadmium(Ⅱ) polymer [Cd(tdc)(Phen)]n 1 (H2tdc = thiophene-3,4-dicar-boxylic acid, Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P , with a = 7.3150(10), b = 10.3598(14), c = 10.8784(15) , α = 82.2740(10), β = 72.9730(10), γ = 80.236(2)°, V = 773.68(18) 3, Z = 2, Mr = 462.74, Dc = 1.986 Mg/m3, μ = 1.58 mm-1, F(000) = 456, the final R = 0.0218 and wR = 0.0465 for 3361 observed reflections with Ⅰ > 2σ(Ⅰ). The compound presents a one-dimensional (1-D) double-stranded structure and exhibits fluorescent emission at room temperature. Furthermore, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis and powder X-ray diffraction properties of the compound are also investigated.