Embryological characters of Arundinaria simonii f. heterophylla were reported in this article. The anthers were tetrasporangiate in which the cytokinesis of microsporocyte in meiosis was successive type and the produced microspore tetrads were bilaterally symmetrical. The cells of tapetum layer with dense cytoplasm were secretory type, and they began to degenerate during meiosis division. The mature pollen was trinucleate. The single ovule with parietal placenta was anatropous, double integument and tenuinucellatae. The development of the embryo sac was polygonum type. Generally the florets close to the base of spikelets bloomed earlier than others, and development of both stamens and pistils within a spikelet was synchronized.
以淡竹(Phyllostachys glauca Mc Clure)为研究材料,对花期物候、花序形态结构等进行研究。结果显示:淡竹为续次发生花序,盛花期为4月30日至6月5日,开花时顶部花先开,内、外稃不张开,果实为颖果;淡竹花序由小穗组成,每一小穗仅含1朵小花;小花具内、外稃各1枚,浆片3枚,雄蕊3枚,雌蕊1枚,柱头为长花柱型。雌雄同熟。
【目的】针对《中国观赏竹》、《The Bamboos of the World》等重要专著中广泛使用的翠竹、铺地竹以及黄条金刚竹拉丁学名存在有误问题,校正翠竹、铺地竹和黄条金刚竹这3种地被竹的拉丁学名,并补充描述此3种地被竹的花部特征。【方法】对南京林业大学竹园中翠竹、铺地竹和黄条金刚竹的开花样地进行调查,分别测量这3种地被竹盛花期小穗的长度、小花数、小穗轴长度,并在体视显微镜下拍照记录各竹种花器官的形态。【结果】根据3个竹种花器官的形态特征,认为翠竹、铺地竹的花器官形态特征符合苦竹属(Pleioblastus)花特征描述,如花序的类型、小穗的形态、雄蕊的数量等;而与赤竹属(Sasa)有较大差异,如花序着生位置、小花外稃形态、雄蕊数量等;黄条金刚竹的花器官形态与东芭竹属(Sasaella)(也称支笹属)花形态描述一致,表现在花序顶生、小穗具柄、小穗轴节间密被毛、雄蕊6、花柱1、柱头3、羽毛状,颖果。而与苦竹属(Pleioblastus)许多特征差异较大,如花序着生位置;雄蕊的数目等。【结论】翠竹、铺地竹的花器官形态特征不符合Sasa花特征,而符合苦竹属花特征描述。因此,宜将翠竹和铺地竹的拉丁学名订正为Pleioblastus pygmaea和Pleioblastus argenteastriatus。黄条金刚竹的花器官形态与Pleioblastus不符,而与东芭竹属(Sasaella)花形态描述一致。因此,将黄条金刚竹的学名订正为Sasaella kongosanensis‘Aureostriatus’。
