In order to clarify drought resistance of proso millet applied in field production in Shanxi, we identified its drought resistance during the whole growth period and measured nine traits, including plant height, panicle length, stem diameter, panicle weight, grain weight per spike, straw weight per plant, node numbers of main stem, 1 000-grain weight and effective panicles, under different treatments. Principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance during the whole growth period and screening the drought index. The results showed that there were correlations among 9 phenotypic traits. The coefficient of variation of panicle weight and straw weight per plant sharply reduced under normal water supply and drought stress. Landrace ＂yellow millet＂ had the strongest drought resistance（D =0.87）, integrated drought D value and membership function value of yield had significant correlation（r =0.515 9, P〈0.05）. Panicle weight and straw weight per plant had significant impact on drought resistance and could be taken as comprehensive indexes of drought resistance identification in growth period.
